Semester 1 Benchmark Review

Front

What are the two main factors that can affect the state of matter?

Back

Pressure and temperature.

Front

What does it mean for a cell membrane to be selectively permeable?

Back

It means that cell membranes regulate which substances can enter and exit the cell.

Front

What is the percentage of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?

Back

21%.

Front

What is a mixture?

Back

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.

Front

What does the experiment with carbon dioxide and heat prove?

Back

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat.

Front

Define 'greenhouse gas'.

Back

A gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation.

Front

What is the greenhouse effect?

Back

The warming of Earth's surface due to the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases.

Front

What is the role of cell membranes in cells?

Back

Cell membranes protect the cell and control the movement of substances in and out.

Front

What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?

Back

A mixture is a combination of substances that can be separated, while a compound is a substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond.

Front

What is the main component of Earth's atmosphere?

Back

Nitrogen, which makes up about 78%.