Genetics Review Flashcard

Front

What is a monohybrid cross?

Back

A genetic cross between two individuals that differ in one trait, typically involving one pair of contrasting traits.

Front

What is the probability of producing an offspring with a recessive phenotype in a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt)?

Back

25%.

Front

What is a dihybrid cross?

Back

A genetic cross between two individuals that differ in two traits, typically involving two pairs of contrasting traits.

Front

What is the expected phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (AaBb x AaBb)?

Back

9:3:3:1.

Front

What is Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Back

The principle stating that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.

Front

If a plant genotype is AaBb, what gametes can it produce?

Back

AB, Ab, aB, ab.

Front

What does a Punnett square illustrate?

Back

The potential genotypes of the offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

An allele that is masked by the presence of a dominant allele and only expressed in a homozygous condition.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

An allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.