Earth Science Review

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What is the process called where new plate material is formed?

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Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries where tectonic plates pull apart, allowing magma to rise and create new crust.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Front

What can studying fossils tell us about Earth's history?

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Studying fossils helps scientists understand how life has changed over time, including the evolution of species and environmental changes.

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Front

How are volcanoes formed?

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Volcanoes are formed when magma from beneath the Earth's crust pushes up through cracks, leading to eruptions.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Front

What does it mean when a rock layer is intruded by magma?

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An intrusion of magma means that magma has pushed into existing rock layers, often altering their structure and composition.

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Front

What is the significance of the geologic column?

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The geologic column is a chronological arrangement of rock layers that helps scientists understand Earth's history and the relative ages of rocks.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Front

What is a tectonic plate?

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A tectonic plate is a massive slab of Earth's lithosphere that moves and interacts with other plates, causing geological activity.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

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What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

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Intrusive igneous rocks form from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, while extrusive igneous rocks form from lava that cools quickly on the surface.

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What is the rock cycle?

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The rock cycle is the continuous process of rock formation, breakdown, and reformation through processes like weathering, erosion, and metamorphism.

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What are the three main types of rocks?

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The three main types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

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Front

What is erosion?

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Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface and transported to another location by wind, water, or ice.

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