Heat Transfer and Material Properties

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What is a Physical Change?

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A change in which an object changes its appearance but not its chemical composition. Examples include melting ice or breaking a glass.

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What is a Substance?

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The matter that makes up something, which has a definite composition. Examples include water, salt, and iron.

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What are Properties of a Substance?

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The characteristics that describe how a substance behaves and interacts with other substances. Examples include color, density, and boiling point.

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What is Cooling?

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The process of removing heat from an object, causing it to become colder. Examples include ice forming from water.

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What is a Chemical Change?

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A change that results in the formation of new chemical substances. Examples include rusting iron or burning wood.

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What is Heat Transfer?

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The movement of thermal energy from one object or substance to another. It occurs through conduction, convection, and radiation.

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What is Conduction?

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The transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. Example: A metal spoon getting hot in a pot of boiling water.

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What is Convection?

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The transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). Example: Warm air rising and cool air sinking.

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What is Radiation?

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The transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. Example: The warmth felt from sunlight.

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What are Insulators?

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Materials that do not conduct heat well, preventing heat transfer. Examples include rubber, wood, and plastic.