Invertebrate Phylogeny

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What are flatworms?

Back

Flatworms are a group of invertebrates that include planaria, tapeworms, and flukes. They are hermaphroditic and lack a body cavity.

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What is radial symmetry?

Back

Radial symmetry is a body plan in which body parts are arranged around a central axis, allowing for multiple lines of symmetry. Cnidarians exhibit radial symmetry.

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What are nematodes?

Back

Nematodes, also known as roundworms, are the most abundant animals on Earth. They grow by molting and can cause diseases such as Elephantiasis.

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How do sponges feed?

Back

Sponges feed by pumping water through their porous bodies and using collar cells to trap food particles. They are sessile as adults but have free-swimming larvae.

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What are arthropods?

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Arthropods are protostome invertebrates with segmented bodies and exoskeletons made of chitin. They undergo metamorphosis and include arachnids, crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, and insects.

Front

What is a cnidocyte?

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A cnidocyte is a specialized cell found in cnidarians that contains a stinging structure called a nematocyst, used for capturing prey.

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What is the significance of body cavities in invertebrates?

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Body cavities, or coeloms, allow for the development of complex organs and systems. Invertebrates can be classified as acoelomates (no body cavity), pseudocoelomates (false body cavity), or coelomates (true body cavity).

Front

What are the main characteristics of mollusks?

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Mollusks are soft-bodied invertebrates that often have a hard shell. They have a muscular foot, a visceral mass, and a mantle. Examples include snails, clams, and octopuses.

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What is metamorphosis in arthropods?

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Metamorphosis is a developmental process in which arthropods undergo significant changes in form and structure, typically from larva to adult.

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What are echinoderms?

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Echinoderms are marine invertebrates characterized by their radial symmetry, a water vascular system, and a calcareous endoskeleton. Examples include starfish and sea urchins.