U.S. HISTORY THREE

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1824: Two-Party System

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The Democratic Party and the Whig Party emerged after the dissolution of the Democratic-Republicans, marking a significant shift in U.S. politics with different visions of governance and economic policy.

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1832: Nullification Crisis

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South Carolina challenged federal tariffs, leading to a debate about federal power versus states' rights, setting a precedent for future challenges to federal authority.

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1828-1836: Indian Removal Act

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The U.S. government forcibly relocated tribes from the Southeast to territories west of the Mississippi River, known as the Trail of Tears, to expand slavery and open land for settlers.

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1836-1845: Texas Independence

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Texas formed its own republic after rebelling against Mexico, leading to U.S. annexation and tensions with Mexico, setting the stage for the Mexican-American War.

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1845-1848: Mexican-American War

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Following Texas annexation, the U.S. gained land including California and New Mexico through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, raising questions about slavery in new territories.

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1850: Compromise of 1850

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Laws passed to ease tensions between slave and free states, admitting California as a free state and strengthening the Fugitive Slave Act, deepening North-South divisions.

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1852: Uncle Tom’s Cabin

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Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel exposed slavery's brutal realities, sparking outrage in the North and increasing support for abolition, while the South reacted defensively.

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1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act

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Allowed residents to decide on slavery, repealing the Missouri Compromise, leading to violent clashes known as 'Bleeding Kansas' and greater polarization.

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1856: Caning of Charles Sumner

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Preston Brooks attacked Charles Sumner in the Senate over his anti-slavery speech, highlighting growing hostility and violence between pro- and anti-slavery factions.

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1857: Dred Scott Decision

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The Supreme Court ruled African Americans were not citizens and the federal government couldn't regulate slavery in territories, enraging abolitionists and deepening divides.