Biology EOC Review Part 2

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell's DNA.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded, contains Thymine, and has deoxyribose sugar; RNA is single-stranded, contains Uracil instead of Thymine, and has ribose sugar.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is translated into amino acids in proteins.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.