PH - Flashcard 12-6-24

Front

What is radioactive decay?

Back

The process by which an unstable nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation.

Front

What is the charge of a beta particle?

Back

-1 (electron) or +1 (positron).

Front

How do gamma rays differ from alpha and beta particles?

Back

They can pass through most materials and need thick lead or concrete to block.

Front

How do alpha particles interact with matter?

Back

They are easily stopped by paper or skin.

Front

What is nuclear fission?

Back

Splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei.

Front

What is the definition of alpha radiation?

Back

Radiation consisting of alpha particles, which are helium nuclei (2 protons and 2 neutrons).

Front

What is the definition of beta radiation?

Back

Radiation consisting of beta particles, which are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons emitted by certain types of radioactive nuclei.

Front

What is the definition of gamma radiation?

Back

Electromagnetic radiation of high frequency and energy emitted from a nucleus.

Front

What is half-life in radioactive decay?

Back

The time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.

Front

What is the difference between nuclear fission and fusion?

Back

Fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus, while fusion is the combining of light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.