BIOLOGY Cell Cycle and Mitosis Flashcard

Front

What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?

Back

The centromere attaches the two identical sister chromatids to form a chromosome.

Front

What structure is formed when DNA is tightly coiled around proteins?

Back

A chromosome.

Front

What stage of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator?

Back

Metaphase.

Front

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and DNA is replicated?

Back

Interphase.

Front

What are sister chromatids?

Back

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, joined together at the centromere.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

Cytokinesis is the process where the cytoplasm of a parental cell divides into two daughter cells after mitosis.

Front

What happens during prophase in mitosis?

Back

During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

Front

What is the role of chromatin in the cell?

Back

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.

Front

What occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Back

During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Front

What is the difference between a chromatid and a chromosome?

Back

A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, while a chromosome is made up of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere.