DNA Fingerprinting

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What is DNA Fingerprinting?

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A technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.

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What is the role of DNA in fingerprinting?

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DNA contains genetic information that is unique to each individual, allowing for identification.

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What are the main steps in DNA fingerprinting?

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1. Sample collection 2. DNA extraction 3. DNA amplification 4. Fragment analysis 5. Comparison of DNA profiles.

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What is a DNA profile?

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A DNA profile is a representation of an individual's unique DNA characteristics, often visualized as a series of bands on a gel.

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How is DNA extracted from a sample?

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DNA is extracted using chemical processes that break down cell membranes and separate DNA from proteins and other cellular materials.

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What is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

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A technique used to amplify small segments of DNA, making millions of copies for analysis.

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What is the significance of STRs (Short Tandem Repeats) in DNA fingerprinting?

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STRs are regions of DNA that vary in length between individuals, making them useful for distinguishing between DNA profiles.

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How can DNA fingerprinting be used in criminal investigations?

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It can match DNA found at a crime scene with that of suspects to identify potential perpetrators.

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What is the importance of DNA fingerprinting in paternity testing?

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It can determine biological relationships by comparing the DNA profiles of a child and potential fathers.

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What does it mean if two DNA profiles match?

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It indicates that the individuals share a common genetic origin, suggesting they may be related or one may be the source of the other’s DNA.