Cell Biology Flashcard

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).

Front

What organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, making it involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis.

Front

What type of cells contain chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are found in plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Front

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What are organelles?

Back

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes.