Protein Synthesis, Mutations, and Gene Expression

Front

What is the process called where messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes to assemble a protein?

Back

Translation

Front

What amino acid is coded for by the RNA sequence AGG?

Back

Arginine (Arg)

Front

What type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide base is added to the DNA sequence?

Back

Insertion Mutation

Front

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosome

Front

What is the process of copying DNA into RNA called?

Back

Transcription

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes read mRNA sequences and assemble amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation that shifts the reading frame of the genetic message, often caused by insertions or deletions.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making RNA from DNA, while translation is the process of making proteins from RNA.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially altering the amino acid sequence.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

DNA -> RNA -> Protein, describing the flow of genetic information.