Unit 5 Review

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles, often referred to as the 'UPS' of the cell.

Front

Where does translation occur in a cell?

Back

Translation occurs at the ribosomes, where messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What biomolecules provide quick energy for the cell?

Back

Carbohydrates provide quick energy for the cell and also serve as building materials for cell membranes and walls.

Front

What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where they translate mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

Define carbohydrates and their primary function in living organisms.

Back

Carbohydrates are organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, primarily serving as a source of energy and structural components.

Front

What are the main components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Explain the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds.

Back

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions.

Front

What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its two types?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis, with two types: rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes).