Biology SOL Review

Front

What is a karyotype?

Back

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, arranged in pairs and organized by size and shape.

Front

What does an extra chromosome on the 21st pair indicate?

Back

An extra chromosome on the 21st pair indicates Down Syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Front

What is the main energy source used in cellular respiration?

Back

Carbohydrates are the main energy source used in cellular respiration.

Front

What process allows scientists to alter the genetic makeup of plants?

Back

Gene splicing is the process that allows scientists to alter the genetic makeup of plants, making them more resistant to insects and diseases.

Front

What do trees produce during photosynthesis?

Back

During photosynthesis, trees convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Front

What is the process by which water returns to the environment from plants?

Back

Most of the water in plants returns to the environment through evaporation from the leaves.

Front

Define photosynthesis.

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, to drive the process of photosynthesis.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What are the two main stages of cellular respiration?

Back

The two main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis and aerobic respiration (Krebs cycle and electron transport chain).