CHAPTER 2 EVOLUTION AND ADAPTATION TEST REVIEW FLASHCARDIZZ

Front

What are different forms of a gene called?

Back

Alleles

Front

The allele pair that an organism receives from its parents (like Aa), is known as the organism's ___

Back

genotype

Front

This is a pattern of natural selection in which the average (or intermediate) form of a trait is the most advantageous, and so a population evolves away from the extremes and toward the average.

Back

Stabilizing selection

Front

What is the value for p (dominant allele frequency) if a gene pool contains 4 recessive alleles and 16 dominant alleles (20 alleles total)?

Back

0.8 or 80%

Front

Which Hardy-Weinberg factor represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population?

Back

2pq

Front

What is the definition of evolution?

Back

Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

Define adaptation in the context of evolution.

Back

Adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

Front

What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Back

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.

Front

What are the five conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Back

1. No mutations, 2. Random mating, 3. No natural selection, 4. Extremely large population size, 5. No gene flow.