Biology STAAR/EOC Quick Review

Front

What is a lysogenic infection?

Back

A lysogenic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus integrates its genetic material into the host cell's DNA and can remain dormant for a long period without causing immediate harm.

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What is a lytic infection?

Back

A lytic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus takes over the host cell's machinery to produce new viruses, leading to the destruction of the host cell.

Front

What is the main difference between lysogenic and lytic infections?

Back

A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active, while a lytic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

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Mitochondria are the organelles where cellular respiration occurs, producing ATP through the breakdown of glucose.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What happens to water movement in a cell with a semipermeable membrane?

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Water will move into the cell if the concentration of water is lower outside the cell compared to inside.

Front

How can scientists determine relatedness among organisms?

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Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing their amino acid sequences; more similarities indicate closer evolutionary relationships.

Front

What is a homozygous recessive genotype?

Back

A homozygous recessive genotype consists of two identical recessive alleles for a trait, represented as 'aa'.

Front

What is the probability of two heterozygous parents producing a homozygous recessive offspring?

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The probability is 25%, as shown in a Punnett square.