Biology EOC Review 2

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What base pairs with adenine in RNA?

Back

Uracil pairs with adenine in RNA.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the activation energy.

Front

How do organisms obtain energy?

Back

Organisms obtain energy by exchanging matter with the environment, taking in nutrients and releasing waste products.

Front

What are proteins?

Back

Proteins are macromolecules that serve various functions, including structural roles, enzymatic activity, and involvement in cell movement.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is the significance of the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region on an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.