Atoms and Ions

Front

What is an atom?

Back

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. It consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Front

What are protons?

Back

Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons determines the atomic number and the identity of the element.

Front

What are neutrons?

Back

Neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They contribute to the atomic mass but do not affect the charge of the atom.

Front

What are electrons?

Back

Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They are involved in chemical bonding and reactions.

Front

What is a neutral atom?

Back

A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons, resulting in no overall charge.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An ion is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge.

Front

What happens when an atom loses an electron?

Back

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a positively charged ion (cation).

Front

What happens when an atom gains an electron?

Back

When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).

Front

What is the charge of a lithium atom with 3 protons and 3 electrons?

Back

The charge is neutral (0) because the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

Front

What is the charge of an atom that has lost one electron?

Back

The charge is +1.