Basic IT Concepts

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Desktop

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A popular type of computer system that can be equipped with peripheral devices such as a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and speakers.

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Notebook/Laptop

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A small computer that combines a display and keyboard and is designed to be easily carried.

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Mobile Device

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Small computing devices such as tablets and smart phones that are much more portable than desktops and laptops.

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Bus

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The communication system that allows data to be transferred between the components inside a computer.

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Central processing unit (CPU)

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The most important part of any modern computer system; it controls the other parts of the computer.

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Random access memory (RAM)

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The main memory of a computer that can be quickly accessed by the CPU. It is where the computer stores data and instructions that it is actively using.

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Motherboard

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A large, flat computer component that connects the important components of the computer, such as the CPU, RAM, and the BIOS chip.

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Graphics processing unit (GPU)

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An additional computer processor that provides graphics processing.

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Network interface card (NIC)

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A component, sometimes built into and sometimes plugged into the motherboard, that provides network connectivity.

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Expansion card

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A circuit board that connects to a computer's motherboard, giving it additional power or functionality.