Biology EOC review #1

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are organic molecules that are insoluble in water and include fats, oils, and waxes. They are important for energy storage, insulation, and making up cell membranes.

Front

Where do the light independent reactions of photosynthesis occur?

Back

The light independent reactions, also known as the Calvin Cycle, occur in the stroma of chloroplasts.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is a type of molecular transport where cells engulf substances from their environment, bringing them into the cell.

Front

What are the two reactants of cellular respiration?

Back

The two reactants of cellular respiration are glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (6O2).

Front

What forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Back

The sides of the DNA ladder are formed by deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the body?

Back

Proteins serve various functions including building and repairing tissues, acting as enzymes, and supporting immune function.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is a pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the structure of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms without a nucleus (e.g., bacteria), while eukaryotic cells are complex, can be unicellular or multicellular, and have a nucleus (e.g., plants, animals).