AP Bio Unit 3/4 Review

Front

What is a competitive inhibitor?

Back

A competitive inhibitor is a substance that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing the substrate from binding and thus inhibiting the enzyme's activity.

Front

How does a competitive inhibitor affect an enzyme's function?

Back

It binds to the active site, preventing the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction.

Front

What factors can increase the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Back

Increasing the concentration of the enzyme can increase the rate of the reaction.

Front

Where does the Krebs cycle occur in the cell?

Back

The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix.

Front

What is the starting material for the Krebs cycle?

Back

The starting material for the Krebs cycle is Acetyl CoA.

Front

What is signal transduction?

Back

Signal transduction is the process by which a cell responds to external signals through a series of molecular events.

Front

What role do secondary messengers play in signal transduction?

Back

Secondary messengers amplify the signal within the cell, facilitating a response to the initial signal.

Front

What is a ligand in the context of cell signaling?

Back

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor, initiating a cellular response.

Front

What is phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A phosphorylation cascade is a series of events where one protein kinase activates another, leading to a rapid amplification of the signal.

Front

What is the difference between the mitochondrial matrix and the cristae?

Back

The mitochondrial matrix is the innermost compartment of the mitochondria where the Krebs cycle occurs, while the cristae are the folds of the inner membrane where the electron transport chain is located.