3 types of studies

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What is an observational study?

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An observational study is a type of research where the researcher observes subjects in their natural environment without manipulating any variables. It aims to gather data on behaviors or outcomes without interference.

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What is an experiment in research?

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An experiment is a study in which the researcher manipulates one or more variables to determine their effect on a dependent variable. It often involves a control group and random assignment.

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What is a survey?

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A survey is a research method used to collect data from a predefined group of respondents to gain information and insights on various topics, often through questionnaires or interviews.

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What is a key advantage of observational studies?

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Observational studies allow researchers to collect data in real-world settings, providing insights into natural behaviors without the influence of experimental conditions.

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What is a disadvantage of observational studies?

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A disadvantage of observational studies is that they cannot establish cause-and-effect relationships due to the lack of manipulation of variables.

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What is a key advantage of experiments?

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Experiments can establish cause-and-effect relationships by controlling variables and using random assignment.

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What is a disadvantage of experiments?

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Experiments may lack ecological validity, meaning the results may not generalize well to real-world settings due to controlled conditions.

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What is a key advantage of surveys?

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Surveys are efficient for collecting data from a large population and can be administered in various formats.

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What is a disadvantage of surveys?

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Surveys can be flawed by non-response, leading to biased results if certain groups do not participate.

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What is the purpose of random selection in surveys?

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Random selection ensures that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being chosen, which helps to create a representative sample.