Gene Mutations

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What is a gene mutation?

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A gene mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What are the types of gene mutations?

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The main types of gene mutations include substitution, insertion, deletion, and frameshift mutations.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced by another nucleotide.

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What is an insertion mutation?

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An insertion mutation involves the addition of one or more nucleotide bases into a DNA sequence.

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What is a deletion mutation?

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A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from a DNA sequence.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

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A frameshift mutation is caused by insertions or deletions that change the reading frame of the genetic code.

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What is a silent mutation?

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A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not affect the amino acid sequence of the protein.

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Why is the order of amino acids important?

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The order of amino acids determines the protein's structure and function, as it dictates how the protein will fold.

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What is a nonsense mutation?

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A nonsense mutation is a type of mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the protein sequence, leading to a truncated protein.

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What is translocation in genetics?

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Translocation is a mutation where a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another, either within the same chromosome or to a different chromosome.