Protein Synthesis & Mutations

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the genetic material of a cell.

Front

What is the result of a deletion mutation?

Back

A frameshift in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

A group of 3 unpaired bases that is complementary to the mRNA and helps tRNA deliver the correct amino acid to the ribosome.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of 3 consecutive bases in mRNA that codes for a single amino acid.

Front

What is the purpose of transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

To transcribe information in the DNA sequence for use by the cell.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

To transport the correct amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA sequence.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The process of DNA being transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation that shifts the reading frame of the genetic message, often resulting from insertions or deletions.

Front

What is the difference between a substitution mutation and a deletion mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation replaces one base with another, while a deletion mutation removes a base from the sequence.

Front

What is the significance of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

Back

The ribosome is the site where mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain.