Punnett Squares

Front

What are genotypes?

Back

Genotypes are the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., Aa, DD, bB).

Front

What are phenotypes?

Back

Phenotypes are the observable traits or characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is the probability of obtaining a recessive trait?

Back

The probability of obtaining a recessive trait depends on the genotypes of the parents and can be calculated using a Punnett Square.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., TT or tt).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Tt).

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present (e.g., T in Tt).

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (e.g., tt).

Front

How do you represent dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles are typically represented by uppercase letters (e.g., T), while recessive alleles are represented by lowercase letters (e.g., t).

Front

What is the expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross?

Back

The expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt) is 1:2:1 (TT:Tt:tt).