AP Statistics Unit 6 Review

Front

What is a confidence interval?

Back

A range of values, derived from a data set, that is likely to contain the value of an unknown population parameter, with a specified level of confidence.

Front

What does p̂ represent in statistics?

Back

p̂ represents the sample proportion, which is the ratio of the number of successes to the total number of trials in a sample.

Front

What is the margin of error (E) in a confidence interval?

Back

The margin of error is the maximum amount by which the sample estimate is expected to differ from the true population parameter.

Front

How do you determine the sample size needed for a specific margin of error?

Back

The sample size can be calculated using the formula: n = (z^2 * p̂ * (1 - p̂)) / E^2, where z is the z-score corresponding to the desired confidence level.

Front

What does it mean to 'fail to reject Ho'?

Back

It means that there is not enough evidence to conclude that the null hypothesis (Ho) is false.

Front

What is the Power of a statistical test?

Back

The Power of a test is the probability that it correctly rejects a false null hypothesis.

Front

What is a critical z-score?

Back

A critical z-score is a value that separates the region where the null hypothesis is rejected from the region where it is not rejected, based on the desired confidence level.

Front

What does a 95% confidence level indicate?

Back

It indicates that if we were to take many samples and create confidence intervals for each, approximately 95% of those intervals would contain the true population parameter.

Front

What is the relationship between p-value and alpha?

Back

If the p-value is less than or equal to alpha, we reject the null hypothesis; if it is greater, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the margin of error?

Back

E = z * (σ/√n), where z is the z-score, σ is the population standard deviation, and n is the sample size.