Conduction, Convection, Radiation

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What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid material without the movement of the material itself. It occurs when two objects at different temperatures are in direct contact.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through fluids (liquids and gases) caused by the movement of the fluid itself. Warm fluid rises while cooler fluid sinks, creating a circulation pattern.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation. It does not require a medium and can occur in a vacuum.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Front

How does heat transfer when boiling water on a stove?

Back

Heat is transferred through convection as the warm water rises and cooler water moves down to take its place.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

Why does warm air rise in a room?

Back

Warm air rises because it is less dense than cooler air, leading to convection currents.

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What is the flow of energy from a hot object to a cold object called?

Back

Heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

What happens to a metal spoon in a bowl of hot soup?

Back

The spoon heats up through conduction as it is in direct contact with the hot soup.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

What is the transfer of thermal energy through space?

Back

Radiation.

Front

Give an example of conduction in everyday life.

Back

Touching a hot stove and feeling the heat transfer to your hand.

Front

Give an example of convection in everyday life.

Back

Boiling water in a pot where the hot water rises and cooler water sinks.