Cells "Flashcard"

Front

What are prokaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria.

Front

What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)?

Back

The Rough ER is responsible for synthesizing proteins that are either secreted from the cell or incorporated into the cell's plasma membrane.

Front

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for energy transformation through the process of cellular respiration.

Front

What distinguishes animal cells from plant cells?

Back

Animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, while plant cells have both a cell wall and chloroplasts.

Front

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and structural support.

Front

What are ribosomes and their function?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell, translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between smooth and rough ER?

Back

Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification, while Rough ER has ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis.