Gregor Mendel and Genetics

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What is a phenotype?

Back

The physical appearance of an organism, such as traits like black hair or blue eyes.

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Who is Gregor Mendel?

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An Austrian Monk from the mid 1800s who contributed to the study of Genetics.

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What is a genotype?

Back

The set of genes carried by an organism, represented as combinations like TT, Tt, or tt.

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What does homozygous mean?

Back

When an organism has two of the same alleles.

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What did Gregor Mendel study?

Back

Pea plants.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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Dominant alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

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What is an allele?

Back

An alternative form of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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What is the Law of Segregation?

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The principle that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait segregate from each other.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What is the role of a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein, which influences traits.