GENETICS (FLASHCARDIZZ REVIEW GAME)

Front

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

Define allele.

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

What is a ribosome?

Back

A ribosome is a cellular structure where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

Front

Differentiate between transcription and translation.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is co-dominance in genetics?

Back

Co-dominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from two roan cattle?

Back

The possible phenotypes are 25% red, 50% roan, and 25% white.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

Explain the term 'genotype'.

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses.

Front

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical traits of an organism, while genotype is the underlying genetic code.

Front

What is the significance of a chloroplast?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.