Cell Membrane and Transport

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What is osmosis?

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Osmosis is a form of passive transport that involves the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

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What is active transport?

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Active transport is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, which requires energy (usually in the form of ATP).

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What is diffusion?

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Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

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What is the role of ATP in cellular transport?

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ATP (adenosine triphosphate) provides the energy required for active transport processes, allowing cells to move substances against their concentration gradient.

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What is a concentration gradient?

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A concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance across a space, which drives the movement of molecules during diffusion and osmosis.

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What is passive transport?

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Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy input, occurring along the concentration gradient.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

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Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane without energy.

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What are gated channels?

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Gated channels are protein channels in the cell membrane that open or close in response to specific signals, allowing ions or molecules to pass through.

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What is endocytosis?

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Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf substances from their external environment, forming a vesicle to bring them into the cell.

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What is exocytosis?

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Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel materials in vesicles, releasing them into the extracellular space.