IB SEHS fall final 2020 full

Front

What is an unsaturated fat?

Back

An unsaturated fat is a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, which means it is not fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. Examples include olive oil and canola oil.

Front

What is the definition of residual volume in the lungs?

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Residual volume is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a person has exhaled as much air as possible. It prevents the lungs from collapsing and allows for continuous gas exchange.

Front

What is the molecular structure of glucose?

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Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. It consists of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms, typically represented in a ring structure.

Front

What characterizes unsaturated fats compared to saturated fats?

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Unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, while saturated fats have no double bonds and are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.

Front

What are the by-products of the aerobic energy system?

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The by-products of the aerobic energy system are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), which are produced during the process of cellular respiration.

Front

What is the role of carbon dioxide in the human body?

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Carbon dioxide is a waste product of metabolism that is transported to the lungs to be exhaled. It also plays a role in regulating blood pH and is involved in the respiratory process.

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How does the structure of unsaturated fats affect their physical properties?

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The presence of double bonds in unsaturated fats creates kinks in the fatty acid chains, preventing them from packing closely together, which results in a liquid state at room temperature.

Front

What is the significance of residual volume in respiratory physiology?

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Residual volume is significant because it ensures that there is always some air in the lungs, which helps maintain alveolar inflation and facilitates gas exchange even between breaths.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

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Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more energy (ATP) along with CO2 and H2O, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less energy along with by-products like lactic acid or ethanol.

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What are the health benefits of consuming unsaturated fats?

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Unsaturated fats can help lower bad cholesterol levels, reduce the risk of heart disease, and provide essential fatty acids that the body cannot produce on its own.