DNA and Protein Synthesis

Front

How many nucleotides code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides code for one amino acid.

Front

What is the process called that converts mRNA into a protein?

Back

Translation.

Front

What are the three main processes involved in gene expression?

Back

DNA replication, transcription, and translation.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

Where does mRNA go after it is synthesized?

Back

The mRNA leaves the nucleus to find the ribosome to make proteins.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.

Front

What are the four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).