DNA/RNA

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What type of bond connects nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases in DNA are connected by hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other.

Front

What is the complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain during DNA replication.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is transcription in the context of DNA and RNA?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

Front

What are the three types of RNA and their functions?

Back

The three types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries genetic information; transfer RNA (tRNA), which brings amino acids to ribosomes; and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which makes up the ribosome.