22. DNA vs RNA

Front

What is the primary function of RNA in the cell?

Back

RNA serves as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.

Front

What are the main differences between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, and uses thymine; RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and uses uracil.

Front

Where is DNA primarily located in a eukaryotic cell?

Back

DNA is primarily located in the nucleus.

Front

What is the role of guanine in nucleic acid structure?

Back

Guanine is one of the four main nucleobases in DNA and RNA, pairing with cytosine through hydrogen bonds.

Front

How many base pairs are formed by a given number of DNA nucleotides?

Back

Each base pair consists of two nucleotides; therefore, the number of base pairs is half the number of nucleotides.

Front

What is the structure of RNA?

Back

RNA is typically a single-stranded molecule that can fold into complex three-dimensional shapes.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA and their functions?

Back

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) - carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes. 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis. 3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - makes up the core of ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of uracil in RNA?

Back

Uracil replaces thymine in RNA and pairs with adenine during the formation of RNA.

Front

How does RNA differ in function from DNA?

Back

RNA is involved in protein synthesis and gene expression, while DNA stores and transmits genetic information.

Front

What is the base pairing rule for nucleotides in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine.