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Filial Piety

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A Confucian virtue of respect, obedience, and care for one's parents and elderly family members.

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Forbidden City

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A walled section of Beijing built in the Ming Dynasty where emperors lived between 1121 and 1911.

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Four Noble Truths

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Buddha’s guiding principles regarding suffering.

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Grand Canal

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An over 1,000-mile-long transportation waterway that allowed China to be the most populous trading area in the world during the Song Dynasty.

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Great Wall

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A Chinese defensive fortification built during the reign of Shi Huangdi to keep out northern nomadic invaders.

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Great Zimbabwe

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A powerful state in the African interior that emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast.

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Gupta Empire

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The empire that later united India following the Maurya Empire.

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Han Dynasty

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China’s longest-running dynasty.

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Hausa Kingdoms

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A group of small independent city-states in northern central Africa.

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Hebrew Bible

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A collection of sacred books containing diverse materials concerning the origins, experiences, beliefs, and practices of the Israelites.