Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle

Which of the following statements accurately describes Archimedes' Principle?

• An object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the volume of the fluid displaced.

• An object immersed in a fluid experiences a downward force equal to the weight of the object.

• An object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.

• An object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the density of the fluid.

Consider a solid object with a volume of 0.002 m³ and a mass of 1.5 kg. If this object is fully submerged in fresh water (density = 1000 kg/m³), what is the net force acting on the object, and will it sink or float? (Assume g = 9.8 m/s²)

• 4.9 N upward; it will float.

• 4.9 N downward; it will sink.

• 14.7 N downward; it will sink.

• 19.6 N upward; it will float.

For an object to float in a fluid, what condition must be met regarding the buoyant force and the object's weight?

• The buoyant force must be less than the object's weight.

• The buoyant force must be equal to the object's weight.

• The buoyant force must be greater than the object's weight.

• The buoyant force is irrelevant to whether an object floats or sinks.

A large cargo ship is designed to carry a substantial amount of freight. To accommodate increased cargo weight while maintaining buoyancy, how does the ship's interaction with the water typically change?

• The ship's hull becomes less dense, reducing its overall weight.

• The ship displaces a greater volume of water, causing it to sit lower in the fluid.

• The ship's engines generate additional thrust to counteract the increased weight.

• The ship's shape is altered to reduce surface area in contact with the water.