Multicellular Function

What is the underlying reason for the diverse and sometimes unusual traits observed in multicellular organisms?

• Random genetic mutations with no specific purpose.

• The result of millions of years of evolution selecting for traits that aid survival.

• Direct intervention by external forces guiding development.

• A consequence of organisms actively choosing their physical characteristics.

Why do multicellular organisms require more organization than unicellular ones?

• They have fewer organs

• They contain trillions of cells

• They are less complex

• They do not need tissues

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchical organization of multicellular organisms from the simplest to the most complex?

• Organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, organelles, molecules

• Molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

• Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, molecules, organelles

• Organelles, molecules, cells, organs, tissues, organ systems

What is a key advantage of specialized cells in multicellular organisms compared to unicellular organisms?

• Specialized cells allow for faster reproduction rates.

• They enable organisms to perform a wider variety of complex functions more efficiently.

• Specialized cells are less susceptible to environmental changes.

• They reduce the overall energy requirements of the organism.

Why do large multicellular organisms consist of many small cells rather than one giant cell?

• Many small cells are easier to protect from predators.

• A large number of small cells allows for more efficient nutrient and waste exchange due to a favorable surface-to-volume ratio.

• One giant cell would be too heavy for the organism to move.

• Small cells are better at storing genetic information.

What are free radicals?

• Stable molecules that help cells grow.

• Unstable molecules that react with other substances.

• Molecules that are only formed by radiation.

• Molecules that are only formed by everyday body processes.

What was Dr. Rebeca Gerschman's significant discovery in 1954?

• The importance of potassium in the blood.

• That fighter pilots' skin aged faster than normal.

• That free radicals can damage and kill cells, leading to oxidative stress.

• The effects of oxygen and other gases on mammals.

What is homeostasis?

• The process by which organisms adapt to extreme temperatures.

• The ability of living things to maintain relatively steady, stable internal conditions.

• The process of converting sunlight into energy.

• The mechanism that causes fruit to ripen.

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback loop?

• A reaction that triggers more of the same reaction.

• A system where the result of a reaction stops or slows the reaction from continuing.

• A process that only occurs in non-living systems like a toilet tank.

• A mechanism that causes an organism's internal temperature to match its external environment.

What is the main theme of the video?

• The evolution of birds

• The organization of multicellular organisms

• The uniqueness of unicellular organisms

• The behavior of octopuses