Prenatal Testing and Genetic Risks

What percentage of babies are born with a birth defect or genetic disease?

• Less than 1%

• 2-3%

• 5-7%

• 10-12%

Which factor is mentioned as increasing the risk for a chromosomal abnormality in pregnancy as a woman gets older?

• Dietary habits

• Exercise levels

• Maternal age

• Previous pregnancies

Besides Down syndrome, which other chromosomal abnormalities are described as being rarer and more severe?

• Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome

• Cystic fibrosis and Sickle cell anemia

• Trisomy 13 and Trisomy 18

• Spina bifida and Anencephaly

What should a pregnant woman do if she has a family history of specific birth defects or genetic diseases?

• Immediately undergo diagnostic testing.

• Discuss it with her OB provider.

• Assume her baby will be healthy.

• Avoid all prenatal testing.

Which of the following is a reason a pregnant woman might choose to undergo prenatal testing?

• To avoid making any difficult decisions.

• To guarantee a healthy baby.

• To gain confidence in knowing and plan for potential health conditions.

• To reduce the risk of miscarriage.

What is a key characteristic of prenatal screening tests?

• They provide a definitive "yes or no" diagnosis.

• They carry a small risk of miscarriage.

• They are done through invasive procedures.

• They provide a risk estimate and do not pose a risk to the pregnancy.

What is a disadvantage of diagnostic prenatal tests like chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis?

• They only provide a risk estimate.

• They cannot detect rare conditions.

• They are invasive procedures with a small risk of miscarriage.

• They are always inaccurate.

What is an important understanding about prenatal testing?

• All prenatal tests guarantee a healthy baby.

• Only diagnostic tests are truly reliable.

• No prenatal testing can guarantee a healthy baby.

• Screening tests are always followed by diagnostic tests.