Rome Crash Course

What does the Roman motto "SPQR" stand for?

• The Senate and People of Rome

• Strength, Power, Quality, Rome

• Supreme Power, Quick Rule

• Soldiers, Patricians, Queens, Rulers

According to Polybius, which three types of government were found united in the Roman Republic?

• Monarchy, Oligarchy, Tyranny

• Aristocracy, Democracy, Monarchy

• Republic, Empire, Dictatorship

• Consuls, Senate, Assemblies

What was a key reason for the Roman Republic having two co-consuls?

• To manage religious ceremonies and public works simultaneously.

• To allow one to focus on domestic issues while the other handled foreign policy.

• To prevent any single individual from accumulating excessive power.

• To ensure equal representation for both the Patrician and Plebeian classes.

Which of Julius Caesar's actions directly led to a civil war in Rome?

• Forming the First Triumvirate.

• Conquering Gaul and invading Britain.

• Crossing the Rubicon River with his army.

• Siding with Cleopatra in Egypt.

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What was the immediate consequence of the Second Triumvirate's formation?

• The restoration of the Roman Republic.

• A period of unprecedented peace and stability.

• A second civil war among its members.

• The establishment of a unified Roman Empire under three co-rulers.

How did Emperor Augustus's rule impact the Roman Senate?

• He abolished the Senate entirely.

• He significantly increased the Senate's legislative power.

• He reduced the Senate to a ceremonial body that rubber-stamped his laws.

• He allowed the Senate to elect his successor.

Which general significantly altered the Roman army by allowing the poor to enlist and promising them land in exchange for loyalty?

• Julius Caesar

• Sulla

• Marius

• Mark Antony

Which of the following characteristics defined Rome as an empire long before it had an official emperor?

• A unified system of government.

• Continuous military expansion.

• A diversity of subject peoples.

• All of the above.