Gunpowder Ingredients and Chemical Properties

According to the video, what three ingredients are needed for the earliest known recipe for gunpowder, and what is the role of each ingredient?

• Potassium Nitrate (fuel)

  Sulfur (Oxygen Source)

  Charcoal (Kindling)

• Charcoal (Fuel)

  Sulfur (Oxygen Source)

  Potassium Nitrate (Kindling)

• Potassium Nitrate (Oxygen source)

  Sulfur (Fuel)

  Honey (Catalyst)

• Potassium Nitrate (Oxygen Source)

  Sulfur (Kindling)

  Honey (Fuel)

Which of the following compounds is identified in the video as an oxygen source for the combustion reaction in gunpowder?

• Potassium Nitrate

• Honey

• Sulfur

• Charcoal

The video states that a better fuel for gunpowder is charcoal instead of honey. What is the primary reason for this, based on the chemical properties mentioned?

• Charcoal is less expensive to acquire than honey.

• Honey contains a lot of water, which slows down the rate of combustion.

• Charcoal is a more volatile compound than honey, making it easier to ignite.

• Charcoal is a solid, while honey is a liquid, allowing for better mixing.

In the video, the speaker explains that sulfur is added to the gunpowder mixture. What is the specific chemical purpose of sulfur in this context?

• It acts as a primary fuel source for the combustion.

• it provides additional oxygen to the reaction

• It lowers the activation energy of the reaction by releasing heat at lower temperatures.

• It provides the characteristic yellow color to the smoke.

The video states that a lot of smoke is produced when burning gunpowder. What is the chemical reason given for this?

• The smoke is caused by unburned gunpowder particles being expelled from the reaction.

• The reaction produces a large volume of gaseous products, which turn into smoke.

• The products of the combustion reaction are solid particles.

• The gunpowder mixture contains a high percentage of carbon, which creates smoke when burned.

The video demonstrates that when gunpowder is confined in a container, it creates an explosion. What two chemical principles are responsible for this effect?

• An increased pressure and decreased activation energy

• Increased pressure and increased heat

• Increased particle size and decreased concentration

• Increased oxygen concentration and decreased heat

What is the primary reason the 'quick match' fuse burns so much faster than the 'black match' fuse, according to the video?

• The quick match has a more flammable core material than the black match.

• The quick match contains additional catalysts to speed up the reaction.

• The quick match is encased in paper, which traps in the heat and reagents, accelerating the reaction.

• The quick match is made of a more finely ground powder, which increases the surface area.

The video explains that the time delay fuse inside a firework must keep the combustion contained. What is the primary reason for this, and what material provides waterproofing for the fuse?

• To allow the fuse to burn faster; it is waterproofed with glue.

• To prevent the firework from lighting prematurely; it is waterproofed with a layer of asphalt.

• To make it easier to handle; it is waterproofed with cotton string.

• To prevent the fuse from breaking from the internal pressure; it is waterproofed with lacquer.

According to the video, what is the role of the 'primer composition' that is coated onto the color stars in a firework?

• It is a substance that creates the 'tail' effect as the stars fly through the sky.

• It makes the stars waterproof so they can burn in any weather

• It provides the specific color for the stars

• It is a fine black powder that ensures the ignition of the color composition, which has a higher ignition temperature

The video explains that the colors in fireworks are caused by quantum mechanics. What is the process that creates a specific color?

• An electron absorbs energy from combustion, rises to a higher energy level, and then drops back down, emitting light of a specific color.

• An electron absorbs energy and emits light with a specific frequency as it rises to a higher energy level.

• An electron absorbs energy, rises to a higher energy level, and then absorbs more energy, emitting light as it falls to an even lower level.

• An electron drops from a higher energy level to a lower one, absorbing light of a specific wavelength.