How can the eruption of a volcano affect the ocean?

When did the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupt, and what were its immediate effects?

• January 15, 2022, causing a wave in the atmosphere and a tsunami.

• February 10, 2021, causing only a shock wave.

• December 1, 2022, causing only a tsunami.

• March 20, 2023, causing a large earthquake.

What is a shock wave?

• A type of wave produced by an explosion where air particles get closer together, resulting in high pressure.

• A wave caused by wind moving the ocean's surface.

• A wave that only carries water, not energy.

• A wave that only affects the atmosphere, not the ocean.

Where was the sonic boom from the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption heard?

• Only in the immediate vicinity of the volcano.

• Only along the Pacific coast of Mexico.

• In Alaska and Canada.

• Throughout the entire Southern Hemisphere.

What types of data were used to understand the impact of the volcanic eruption?

• Satellite imagery, seismic data, and eyewitness accounts.

• Air pressure data, ocean height data, and tsunami warnings and information.

• Temperature readings, wind speed data, and historical eruption records.

• Marine animal behavior, ocean current data, and volcanic ash samples.

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How long did it take for the shock wave to reach Mexico after the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted?

• About 1.5 hours

• About 7.5 hours

• About 8.2 hours

• About 5 days

What was the largest tsunami height measured on the Pacific Coast of Mexico?

• Less than 1 meter

• Exactly 1 meter

• More than 2 meters

• About 0.40 meters

What was the largest ocean height change recorded in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea?

• More than 2 meters

• Less than 0.40 meters

• Exactly 1 meter

• About 8.2 meters

What did the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption remind scientists about volcanoes and tsunamis?

• Volcanoes rarely cause tsunamis.

• Only underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis.

• Volcanoes do cause tsunamis and should be part of warning systems.

• Tsunamis caused by volcanoes are always smaller than those caused by earthquakes.