Atomic Theory

What did Democritus propose about the composition of everything in the world?

• Made up of four elements: earth, wind, water, and fire.

• Composed of tiny, indivisible particles surrounded by empty space.

• Consisted of uniformly packed spheres of positive matter with negative electrons.

• Made of a dense, positively charged nucleus with electrons orbiting it.

What was a key aspect of John Dalton's atomic theory regarding common substances?

• They are made of four fundamental elements.

• They always break down into the same elements in the same proportions.

• They consist of a positive sphere with embedded negative particles.

• They are composed of a nucleus orbited by electrons at fixed distances.

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What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment reveal about the atom's structure?

• Atoms are uniformly packed spheres of positive matter.

• Electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed energy levels.

• Atoms consist largely of empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus.

• Electrons behave simultaneously as both particles and waves.

According to Niels Bohr's planetary model, how do electrons behave within an atom?

• They are randomly dispersed throughout a positive sphere.

• They exist within a range of possible locations, behaving like waves.

• They orbit the nucleus at fixed energies and distances.

• They are indivisible particles that cannot be created or destroyed.