Immune System Overview Quiz

What is one of the primary effects of cytokines released during the innate immune response?

• Reduction in body temperature

• Inhibition of immune cell activity

• Vasodilation leading to increased blood flow

• Decrease in blood flow

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation?

• Heat

• Numbness

• Swelling

• Redness

What is the role of phagocytes in the innate immune system?

• To transport oxygen

• To secrete hormones

• To engulf and digest pathogens

• To produce antibodies

How do complement proteins enhance the immune response?

• By reducing inflammation

• By forming membrane attack complexes

• By increasing antibody production

• By directly attacking viruses

What is the function of interferons in the immune system?

• To activate antiviral defenses in nearby cells

• To stimulate red blood cell production

• To increase blood sugar levels

• To promote muscle growth

What is the primary role of toll-like receptors?

• To produce digestive enzymes

• To regulate blood pressure

• To transport nutrients

• To detect and respond to pathogens

What is the significance of MHC molecules in the adaptive immune system?

• They transport oxygen in the blood

• They present antigens to T cells

• They digest pathogens

• They produce antibodies

What process allows B cells to produce a large number of identical cells?

• Clonal expansion

• Apoptosis

• Osmosis

• Phagocytosis

How do cytotoxic T cells eliminate infected cells?

• By producing antibodies

• By secreting hormones

• By engulfing them

• By inducing apoptosis

What distinguishes natural killer cells from cytotoxic T cells?

• They only target bacterial infections

• They are part of the adaptive immune system

• They require antigen presentation to function

• They do not require prior sensitization to target cells