Cell Structure and Energy Conversion Quiz

What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

• Photosynthesis

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

• Energy conversion

What is the name of the folds found in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

• Grana

• Stroma

• Cristae

• Thylakoids

Which organelle is responsible for converting solar energy into chemical energy?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Chloroplasts

What is the thick fluid found inside chloroplasts called?

• Cytoplasm

• Stroma

• Nucleoplasm

• Matrix

What are the stacks of thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts called?

• Matrix

• Stroma

• Grana

• Cristae

How are mitochondria and chloroplasts different from other organelles?

• They have a single membrane

• They contain their own DNA and ribosomes

• They do not participate in energy conversion

• They are found only in animal cells

What is the similarity between the DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts and that in prokaryotes?

• They are both linear

• They are both double-stranded

• They are both found in the nucleus

• They are both circular

What process do mitochondria and chloroplasts use to reproduce within the cell?

• Budding

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

According to the endosymbiotic theory, what were mitochondria and chloroplasts originally?

• Algae

• Viruses

• Fungi

• Prokaryotes

What advantage did early eukaryotic cells gain by keeping mitochondria and chloroplasts?

• Better defense mechanisms

• Improved energy efficiency

• Enhanced mobility

• Increased size