Understanding Private Speech and Its Benefits

What is another term for talking to oneself?

• Silent speech

• Public speech

• Private speech

• Group speech

According to Lev Vygotsky, at what age do children start using private speech to connect thoughts and speech?

• Age 2

• Age 3

• Age 4

• Age 5

What technique involves repeating nonsense words to study the effect of speech on task performance?

• Articulatory suppression

• Cognitive distraction

• Speech interference

• Verbal repetition

In a study, what was found to improve when participants read cues aloud during a task?

• Task complexity

• Memory retention

• Response time

• Accuracy

How does private speech affect visual processing according to research?

• It helps concentrate and process visual information

• It makes visual tasks harder

• It only affects auditory tasks

• It has no effect

What happens when people say the name of a familiar object out loud?

• It has no effect

• It becomes harder to find

• It confuses the person

• It helps visualize and locate it

What is a benefit of talking to oneself in the third person?

• Decreased motivation

• Improved self-distancing

• Increased anxiety

• Enhanced memory

What effect does third-person self-talk have on anxiety during social interactions?

• Increases anxiety

• Has no effect

• Reduces anxiety

• Only affects introverts

What is self-distancing?

• A form of social withdrawal

• A way to enhance memory

• The ability to judge things objectively

• A method to increase anxiety

What is a suggested way to boost confidence before a big event?

• Avoid talking to yourself

• Ignore the situation

• Focus on negative outcomes

• Use third-person self-talk