Volcanic Features and Eruptions in New Zealand

What is a caldera, and how is it formed?

• A valley formed by erosion

• A small hill formed by lava flow

• A mountain formed by tectonic activity

• A large depression formed by the collapse of a magma chamber

Which lake in New Zealand is an example of a caldera?

• Lake Rotorua

• Lake Tekapo

• Lake Taupo

• Lake Wakatipu

What characterizes a rhyolite dome?

• A flat plain formed by fast-moving lava

• A steep-sided dome formed by slow-moving magma

• A deep crater formed by explosive eruptions

• A wide basin formed by erosion

What is significant about the 1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera?

• It formed the tallest mountain in New Zealand

• It was the first recorded eruption in New Zealand

• It created the largest caldera in the world

• It was New Zealand's largest eruption in historic times

What is a characteristic feature of shield volcanoes?

• Wide base and gentle slopes

• Steep sides and narrow base

• Narrow base and steep slopes

• Flat top and steep sides

Which volcano is New Zealand's youngest and part of a shield volcano?

• Rangitoto

• Mount Ruapehu

• Mount Taranaki

• Mount Tongariro

What is a stratovolcano?

• A volcano formed by a single lava flow

• A volcano formed by alternating layers of ash and lava

• A volcano formed by tectonic uplift

• A volcano formed by erosion

Which stratovolcano in New Zealand has a prominent parasite cone called Fanthom's Peak?

• Mount Ruapehu

• Mount Taranaki

• Mount Ngauruhoe

• Mount Tongariro

What is a fumarole?

• A wide plain formed by lava flow

• A steep-sided volcanic cone

• A large crater filled with water

• A small geothermal vent emitting steam and gases

What is a tuff ring?

• A flat plain formed by sediment deposition

• A deep valley formed by erosion

• A high mountain peak formed by lava

• A low ring of pyroclastic rock around a crater