Understanding the Vatican's Sovereignty

What historical event led to the initial formation of the Papal States?

• The fall of the Roman Empire

• The Lombard invasion

• The rise of the Byzantine Empire

• The Treaty of Verdun

Which kingdom led the charge for Italian unification in the 19th century?

• Kingdom of Sicily

• Kingdom of Lombardy

• Kingdom of Naples

• Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia

How did the Italians circumvent the Pope's threat of excommunication during the annexation of Rome?

• By seeking approval from other European powers

• By using a non-Christian soldier

• By negotiating a peace treaty

• By bribing the Vatican officials

What was the primary outcome of the Lateran Accords?

• The Vatican became a part of Italy

• The Vatican City was established as an independent nation

• The Pope renounced all claims to Italian territories

• The Vatican was declared a republic

Which Italian leader was instrumental in negotiating the Lateran Accords?

• Camillo Benso di Cavour

• Benito Mussolini

• Giuseppe Garibaldi

• Victor Emmanuel II