Physiological Effects of Exercise

What immediate physiological changes occur in the body during the first workout?

• Decreased heart rate and reduced blood flow to the brain.

• Increased heart rate, improved blood flow, and enhanced oxygen delivery to the brain.

• Muscle soreness and decreased energy levels.

• Reduced production of mitochondria.

What is DOMS, and how long does it typically persist after an initial intense workout?

• A type of muscle cramp that lasts for a few minutes.

• Delayed-onset muscle soreness, which usually lasts about 72 hours.

• A sudden muscle tear that requires immediate medical attention.

• Muscle fatigue that disappears within an hour.

What is the primary function of mitochondria in muscle cells, and how does regular exercise affect their quantity?

• They store water, and exercise decreases their number.

• They convert fuel into energy for muscles, and exercise can increase their number by up to 50%.

• They produce stress hormones, and exercise reduces their activity.

• They repair damaged muscle tissue, and exercise has no effect on their quantity.

What is a common challenge for individuals starting an exercise program within the first six months?

• A significant increase in muscle mass.

• A 50% dropout rate.

• An inability to increase VO2 max.

• Reduced bone density.

What does a higher VO2 max indicate in terms of physical fitness?

• The body's ability to store more fat.

• The rate at which the body can transport oxygen to muscles for fuel, allowing for faster and longer performance.

• The maximum heart rate an individual can achieve during exercise.

• The amount of muscle mass gained from strength training.

How does regular exercise, particularly resistance training combined with aerobic exercise, impact bone health?

• It makes bones more brittle, increasing the risk of fractures.

• It has no significant effect on bone density.

• It makes bones denser, reducing the risk of osteoporosis, and can even reverse its effects.

• It only benefits muscle growth, not bone health.

Beyond physical fitness, what are some long-term health benefits of consistent exercise mentioned in the video?

• Increased risk of arthritis and Type 2 diabetes.

• Higher medical costs due to heart-related problems.

• Lower risk of developing arthritis, Type 2 diabetes, dementia, and certain cancers.

• Increased levels of stress hormones like cortisol.

According to the US Department of Health and Human Services, what is the minimum recommended amount of moderately intense exercise per week for adults aged 18 to 64?

• 1 hour and 15 minutes.

• 2.5 hours.

• 5 hours.

• 30 minutes.