Cells - Ribosomes

Ribosomes are essential molecular machines in the cytoplasm where proteins are synthesized. They are not organelles as they lack a membrane. Found in all cells, ribosomes are crucial for protein production, which is vital for muscle, connective tissues, and enzymes. Proteins are chains of amino acids, with genetic instructions stored in DNA. Transcription in the nucleus copies DNA into RNA, which is processed into mRNA. This mRNA travels to ribosomes for translation into proteins. Ribosomes have two subunits: one reads mRNA, and the other forms protein chains. tRNA brings amino acids to ribosomes, matching mRNA codons to form proteins.

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